tabelle quantità di taurina nella carne, alcuni studi, fabbisogno taurina nel gatto, carenza di taurina alimentazione commerciale... Taurine Tables Where to read more: SOURCE1 - SOURCE 2 - FONTE 3-bbc794- bad5-136badd The taurine requirement of the adult cat H. BURGER1 andK. C. BARNETT2 Taurine in fish Study on the lack of taurine in mothers and puppies Taurine: Taurine (from the Latin taurus, bull, as it was originally isolated from bull bile by the German scientists Friedrich Tiedemann and Leopold Gmelin_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-1365cf58d_ammino-sulfur-ammonium acid is an acidic chemical abundant in many tissues of various animals, including humans. Small polypeptides containing taurine have been identified, but to date no aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase has been found capable of specifically recognizing taurine and capable of incorporating it into RNA. Taurine covers numerous and important functions; is, for example, a precursor of bile salts. to produce new bile salts and replace those lost in the faeces), participates in the growth and maturation of nervous tissues, contributes to the maintenance of good eyesight and correct heart function and, in the female, has an important role at the reproductive level. A deficiency can lead to un heart failure, poor immune response, poor neonatal growth, deafness, lower number of fetuses, resorptions, miscarriages, low birth weight, low survival rate of newly born kittens born, and birth defects, such as, abnormal development of the zampe posterior, and skeletal abnormalities including curved spines and short stature. Taurine is also found in some bacterial species in more modest quantities and in rare cases in plants; _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb358d_ 136bad5cf found in red algae, but not in brown algae o green , some traces in some plant foods, such as, nuts. Taurine is also present at high levels in the insects (don't be surprised if cats love to hunt them). Taurine is abundant in the tissues of most fish, birds and rodents, and in lower concentrations in larger animals, such as cattle. Taurine in cats, is mainly synthesized in the liver by aminoacids containing sulfur, methionine and cysteine, and the action of numerous enzymes, including cysteine sulfur dioxide and cysteine dioxinic acid . In cats, as the activity of liver enzymes is very low, the biosynthesis of taurine from its precursors is insufficient_cc781905-bbc3b-3194 unlike dogs, taurine intake is therefore essential. Furthermore cats waste large amounts of taurine, in fact, like dogs, they only use taurine for the conjugation of bile acids, while humans and rats can also use glycine (Morris et al., 1987), this leads to a continuous loss of taurine, such as a substantial part is not recovered from the entero-hepatic circulation and is lost in the faeces. Why did the cat lose its ability to synthesize an essential nutrient such as taurine? In these circumstances the production of taurine is a waste of energy, while the deamination and desulfurization of cysteine is an alternative metabolic pathway that allows cats to produce energy, rather than taurine from the catabolism of the sulfur amino acids . Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in animal tissues, cats that live in the wild and which forage themselves for food by hunting, are not deficient in taurine. A mouse - contains a very high amount of taurine compared to other types of meat - about 2.4 mg / gram . The good news is that taurine is present in many types of muscle meat, is abundant in the heart. Chicken hearts are a fantastic source of taurine for cats. The amino acid taurine-sulfonic is now recognized as essential for the cat that needs about 10 mg / kg adult. In the last decade, cats fed with diets characterized by an insufficient presence of taurine have shown two diseases, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and progressive retinal atrophy. Unfortunately, only some clinical pictures can be resolved with a subsequent supplementation of taurine and it is therefore important that this amino acid is present in adequate quantities in any diet for cats. In order to have an optimal amino acid level, canned feeds need a higher concentration of taurine than dry feeds. The reason for this difference is not known, but a reason can be found in the difference in the formulation of the two products. Furthermore, since taurine is "free", as previously mentioned, it is not incorporated into the proteins, furthermore this molecule is thermosensitive and si alloy_cc7 5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_all water very quickly so it is easy to lose it in the defrosting phase of the meat- For these reasons it is advisable to administer to the cat carne cruda not minced. A diet based on pulpy bones and organs is abundant in taurine (arginine and arachidonic acid). However, heat destroys about 2/3 of the taurine content (some research says that the heat destroys between 50% and 100% of taurine). Heat destroys all essential amino acids, enzymes, and a high percentage of nutrients. This becomes a problem if you feed your cat cooked meat. Not there are clinical studies fact on the daily need_cc781905-gattofied-136 in the diet of a takadin it takes months or even years, to see the results of a taurine deficient diet . Therefore, very few experiments have been done, however, in the few controlled clinical trials that have been done it has been observed that the cats given 500 mg / kg _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -136bad5cf58d_food- of taurine in their daily diet showed no signs of deficiency. At higher doses, researchers saw a slight improvement in reproduction. In a 17-month study, cats given were given 375 mg / kg daily taurine had _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136badd a normal value ERG, as opposed to 250mg which was too low and caused cardiac abnormalities. The National Research Council (NRC) specifies that the minimum recommended amount of taurine for adult cats is 0.0099 kg. per kilogram of body weight. For kittens, the minimum quantity is 0.017 kg. per kilogram of body weight, but la recommended dose of 0.33 kg. of taurine per kilogram of body weight . If you want to see the long-term results of a taurine deficiency in cats all you need to do is take a research from Dr. Frances Pottenger. From 1932 to 1942, Pottenger conducted a food experiment con foods To summarize his experiment: he divided about 100 cats into two groups: one group was fed with raw milk and raw meat, and the other group was fed cooked food and pasteurized milk. Cats fed raw food, grew up healthy and si are reproduced. The cats fed cooked foods, destroyed their salute, fell ill with blindness, heart disease, high death rate of the kittens, until they were no longer able to reproduce. As you can see, cats that were fed cooked foods had all the classic symptoms of a taurine deficiency. (NOTE: Pottenger's intention was not to study the nutritional needs of cats, but to demonstrate that "facial deformities" in humans - narrowed jaws, crowded teeth, brittle bones, and even difficult pregnancies - was the result of our Western diet made of industrial foods). Earlier this year, I had a couple of clients who came to me with cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which is a heart disease that causes the heart to thicken. , what I found interesting is that both of these cats were fed the same brand of a processed "holistic" cat food (how can holistic food be processed? this is what I call a oxymoron!). For me, this was a red flag. And, this is why ... most vets will tell you that the cause of HCM is unknown, or that some breeds are predisposed to HCM. I believe the nutrigenomics _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b- 136bad5cf58d_ should be considered. Nutrigenomics is the study of the effects of foods and food components on gene expression. I suspected that this particular brand of cat food may have been deficient in taurine, but I checked the pet food recalls page on the FDA website , did not see the brand indicated ... However, this reminds me of a story: In 1988, a veterinary cardiology student noticed that one of his feline patients who was being treated for congestive cardiomyopathy had an extremely low blood serum ur . Now, this cat has been fed "" best quality "feed" food "premium _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-1365cf58d_commercial label, which they contained all the daily requirement of taurine. The perplexed veterinarian, came back then check other clinical cases of cardiomia_cardiomia-136b-136b-big surprise found that almost all cases of this disease had low levels of taurine in the blood. When the cats were given a taurine supplement many of them showed a noticeable improvement. What was going on? All the cats were eating "di premium quality" which supposedly contained the necessary levels of taurine! The problem was that the taurine was deactivated during the cooking procedure of processing the cat food. You see, the "feeding paths" of pet food manufacturers' only last about 6 months, so if the animal is still alive and appears to be in good health after 6 months, _cc781905- 5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ pet food is authorized for public sale. However, it takes more than 6 months to see the effects of a taurine deficiency in a cat. In any case, due to the discovery by this veterinary student, the pet food manufacturer corrected their mistake but, I can assure you these nutritional errors continue to occur today. If you don't believe me, just take a look at the FDA website on pet food. Now, to answer the question: Is it necessary to add a taurine supplement to raw meat? Well, I have already mentioned what happens to vitamins, enzymes and all essential amino acids when the meat is cooked ... but, with a raw meat diet the concern is only for the defrosting phase. When the meat is frosted there is only a slight decrease in taurine. Furthermore, since taurine is soluble in water and during defrosting some water is released from the meat, taurine can get lost in it ... If you are still concerned about the taurine content in raw meat then I would suggest the following: Since the highest amount of taurine is present in the muscle make sure you give it to your cat, muscle, and especially the heart (the heart is a muscle). Let's take a look at the taurine content of some meats: HERE (NOTE: Taurine is at its highest level in the small heart muscle of a mouse). If you still want to add a taurine supplement to your cat's food, remember that what you are adding is synthetic and not natural taurine. Synthetic Taurine is obtained from isethionic acid (2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid), which in turn is obtained from the reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous sodium bisulfite. Another approach is the reaction of aziridine with sulphurous acid, which also leads directly to taurine. Personally, I would avoid any taurine coming from China, simply based on their reputation for exporting contaminated food. Perhaps it is impossible to avoid buying from China as it is the leading exporter of synthetic taurine. As of 2010, China alone has more than 40 taurine producers. Most of these companies employ the ethanolamine method for a total production of around 3,000 tons per year. An Important Word About Ready Commercial Barf & Taurine I'm not a huge fan of raw ground beef for several reasons: Firstly, it's soft, so_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136ccbad5cf58d -bb3b-136bad5cf58d_does not clean teeth, ( is the chewing of the bones to track _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136badaro). furthermore, minced meat is not a natural way in which a cat would have eaten its prey. Also, I do not like i specialized brands in raw ground they do not contain appropriate fruit, vegetable and vegetable to a carnivore), and synthetic vitamins. Some ready-made barf preparations, already contain bones e organi which is OK if you have a cat that doesn't eat them, _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136_bad5cfandoli all i days this would be too much and could cause; liquid stool, overdose of vitamin A. (bones and organs must be added in proportion to the diet). But, more importantly, grinding the meat reduces the taurine content, _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d _cc790-5 therefore increases the surface of the meat -3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_la exposes the most to air, which entails the oxidation of the to air, this entails the oxidation of the_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Also, due to exposure to air, grinding may cause a decrease in other nutrients , such as, vitamin E or vitamin B6. Additionally, grinding creates the perfect environment for bacteria to grow, and bacteria also use the taurine in the meat, further reducing the total amount of taurine available to your cat. So, if you feed your cat a raw ground diet, they can't get all the taurine they need to thrive. What we can do for our cats is give them a rotation of various solid whole pieces of fresh meat (rabbits, chicken, turkey, quail, mice, etc.), organs, bones, and limit the time the meat is kept in the freezer e above all, do not grind. TEXT TRANSLATED FROM THE DISIR NORNIR BREEDING, to use please send an e-mail to: karin72@cheapnet.it Taurine deficiency Typical bleached retina due to taurine deficiency in a cat Echocardiograph of taurine-deficiency associated dilated cardiomyopathy (time-movement mode) before (on the left) and after (on the right) taurine supplementation. In this patient, the echocardiography shows a reduced shortening fraction and a dilatation of the left cavities (left picture). These alterations are reversible after taurine administration (right picture). ESD: end systolic diameter of the left ventricle / EDD: end diastolic diameter of the left ventricle. 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La carne non contiene un rapporto ottimale calcio/ fosforo. Correggere una carenza di calcio con carbonato di calcio, lattato di calcio, gluconato di calcio. Soccer As can be seen in the table below most animal foods do not contain an optimal calcium / phosphorus ratio - Our attention should be directed to correcting a potential imbalance. Remember: you cannot correct a calcium deficiency with any source of bone meal, you must use a source that has little or no percentage of phosphorus, such as cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ calcium carbonate, calcium lactate, gluconate of football. There are many different opinions on what the ideal Ca: P ratio should be, but I think it is reasonable to recommend a ratio between 1.0 and 1.3 parts of calcium to 1 part of phosphorus. Unfortunately, it may be very difficult to manage this relationship with the BARF or Whole prey, as the report _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b_bad5cf5c5-3194-bb3b-136bcc7-136bcc7 which might 136bad5cf58d_be adequate for younger cats, may not be adequate for older cats .... If necessary, it is easier to calculate the Ca: P ratio more precisely in diets without bone supply. To achieve the above recommended ratio, you need to add 1000 mg of calcium (approximately 3 grams of eggshell powder) to 1 kg of raw boneless meat ._cc781905-5cde-3194- bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ SOURCE: https://feline-nutrition.org/nutrition/the-importance-of-calcium-supplements-in-homemade-cat-food Calcium Supplements by Ch. M. Ruessheim updated: July 2, 2002 Calcium supplements come in several forms (calcium salts), but only part of the calcium salt is elemental calcium. It is important to know how much elemental calcium a supplement provides because all the dietary recommendations refer to elemental calcium. To calculate how much elemental calcium is in a supplement, multiply the total milligrams (mg) by the fraction of elemental calcium to get total mg of elemental calcium. See examples below: Calcium carbonate: = 40% elemental calcium Example: 500 mg calcium carbonate x 0.40 = 200 mg elemental calcium Calcium citrate: = 21% elemental calcium Example: 500 mg calcium citrate x 0.21 = 105 mg elemental calcium Calcium lactate: = 13% elemental calcium Example: 500 mg of calcium lactate x 0.13 = 65 mg elemental calcium Calcium gluconate: = 9% elemental calcium Example: 500 mg of calcium gluconate x 0.09 = 45 mg elemental calcium Dicalcium phosphate: = 23% elemental calcium + 19% phosphorus * Example: 500 mg of dicalcium phosphate x 0.23 = 115 mg calcium + 95 mg phosphorus * Helmut Meyer / Jürgen Zentek give different values: 21/16 Egg shells: = 36-37% elemental calcium + traces of phosphorus and trace elements Example: 500 mg of dried powdered eggshell = ca. 180 mg elemental calcium Bone meal: _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d _ = _ cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ 30% elemental calcium + 17% phosphorus Example: 500 mg of bone meal x 0.30 = 150 mg elemental calcium + 85 mg phosphorus Important: Different products have different calcium / phosphorus contents! Check the label! Notes: The use of bone meal as a calcium supplement for raw meat diet may not be warranted for animals with diminished kidney function due to additional phosphorus content. Some other measures: 1 teaspoon of bone meal = 4 g 1 teaspoon of calcium lactate = 3.5 g 1 teaspoon of calcium carbonate = 2.0 g 1 teaspoon of eggshell = 5 g 1 teaspoon of Kitty Bloom Kalac M34 (38-39%) = 5g 1 teaspoon of Animal Essentials Calcium Supplemen t (34%) = 3g 100g chicken neck = approx. 800 mg calcium, 500 mg phosphorus, 100 mg sodium 100g chicken feet = approx. 2130 mg calcium, 770 mg phosphorus, 125 mg sodium 1 large eggshell = approx. 6 g = approx. 2200 mg calcium Calcium / Phosphor Calculator in english Calcium / Phosphor Calculator in deutsch Very useful tool as you can vary meat type, Ca: P ratio as well as calcium / phosphor content of supplement used. The Nutritional Aspects of Bone Composition Mineral Content in Bones of Ostrich (Struthio camelus var. Domesticus) 41.2% Calcium (36.3-45.7%) 16.8% Phosphorus (15.2-18.4%) Ca: P ratio: 2.45: 1 0.49% Magnesium (0.35 - = .64%) 167 mg Zink (93-287 mg) 94 mg Iron (42-195 mg) 8.5 mg Copper (3.3-14.9 mg) 8.3 mg Manganese (4.6-13.0 mg) 10.0 mg Lead (0.9-56.8 mg) 453 mg Fluoride (290-640 mg) 11.2 mg Aluminum (1.6-20.8 mg) Mg values are per kg bone ash. Reference: Bissinger Klaus, Dissertation, University of Giessen, 2000 "Quantitativer Nachweis wichtiger Mengen- und Spurenelemente in Serum, Leber, Knochen und Vollblut sowie einige andere Gewebeparameter und Daten von gesunden, südafrikanischen domestic Farmstraussen (Struthio varachtus). Mineral Content of Chicken Feet Nutrient Composition of dried Eggshells Carbonate vs. citrate Composition of egg shells with adherence of albumen adapted from Animal By-Product Processing & Utilization H.W. Ockerman, CL Hansen Values on DMB (except water & protein)

Perchè non è corretto nella dieta barf usare solo i macinati? Hai mai guardato nella bocca del tuo gatto? Does it seem natural for a cat to lick a pulp of minced meat reduced to pate? If possible, do not mince, minced meat is not natural for the cat! There are a number of great reasons to completely avoid chopped foods in your diet of your cat, one of the most important reasons has to do with its teeth: the truth is that those teeth are the only mincer your cat will ever need! Nature designed cats' teeth millions of years ago, long before humans invented meat grinders :-D Cats have used those teeth to "grind" their prey since then for many millions of years .... until today Creating a meal with various pieces of a hypothetical prey is called a "Frenken Prey" feeding. In this diet when preparing a meal, the idea is to use Mother Nature as an example to feed them as naturally as possible. All cats have been created, equipped with a built-in meat grinder .... ;-): the incisors, which are positioned so that they have a very strong closure, are intended to be used for tearing, the canines are for the tearing and cutting of whole pieces. A cat's sharp teeth can also crush large edible bones in pieces small enough to be consumed. It is perfectly natural for cats to use their teeth to gnaw part whole, carcasses, pulpy bones. It seems natural for a cat to lick a pulp of reduced minced meat to pate? Those sharp teeth in your cat's mouth are there to cut, to crush and grind whole prey and large pieces .... don't you think? If your cat doesn't use its teeth, they were designed with the purpose of be used, they are very likely to get sick, get covered with tartar or cavities, fall out or need to be extracted due to severe infections. Teeth and dental formula of the adult cat The adult cat has 30 teeth, real hunting weapons: 12 incisors, 8 premolars, 6 molars and 4 canines. The incisors are very small and are used, together with the tongue, to scrape the bones of the prey. The premolars and molars are blade-shaped and serve to sever muscle fibers and tendons (the meat of the prey) and to break bones. The last premolar in the upper jaw and the only molar in the lower jaw are called carnassial teeth. The 4 canines, as in all felids, are particularly long and sharp, they are very robust, and richly innervated, this makes them specialized sense organs: with the canines, the cat feels the exact point in which to bite to kill the prey. instantly. The compact and globular skull allows the cat to develop optimal chewing strength. The cat's jaw, like that of all carnivores, exerts only a vertical movement which is mainly used for grinding and cutting. Actual chewing (use of molars) is minimal. The saliva begins the preparation of the food bolus and lubricates the esophagus. Between the canines and the premolars there is a space, which the cat often uses to lay down and "carry" small prey (eg lizards) without killing them or bite them, keeping them alive. Feeding a whole pieces improves oral health and. Over time, a diet of chopped foods cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_may cause plaque and tartar that inevitably go to fix themselves on the teeth, this can cause gum irritation, which can lead to a myriad of problems; such as weak, inflamed g engives e unhealthy, which n cannot so support firmly i tooth causing loss. Gingivitis and periodontal disease are also an indication of a presence chronic increased amount of unhealthy bacteria in the mouth. These bacteria, regularly ingested, they volta affect the entire system of the organism. Over time, this can be a major factor in that contributes to the onset of molte serious systemic diseases. Avoid the risks of professional dental cleanings Many people take their cats to the vet for regular grooming teeth. This procedure is not only expensive, but it is also very stressful for the cat, and requires anesthesia, which always carries with it some degree risk. Alimentare i gatti as nature intended, in most cases eliminates the need for this procedure. This is because the "natural scrubbing" and "flossing" action it is in able to carry out raw meat, meaty bones, the connective tissue, helps keep teeth white and clean, pink, healthy teeth e strong. Raw chopped meat is more digestible In addition to the question of oral health, there is another point against meat ground, is the question of digestion. Ground food facilitates ingestion fast food by the cat e because need no effort to tear, break, etcc it takes very little time food to arrive direct in the stomach_cc7819094-136c3bad5 often does not have time to produce the necessary digestive acids . Such quick meals can end up causing irritation or digestion and this is the cause of the vomit that we can often notice in the cat . One of the great benefits of feeding whole pieces is that requires some work on the part of the jaws and teeth; Tear away le fibre carnose, cut tendons, snibre_cc781905-136bcc7-594_bc5890_bsc7bd3-136bcc5-3194905-bbcc3bd3-136bcc5-319490-136bcc5 -136bad5cf58d_tutta la flesh with meaty bones takes a certain amount of time, precisely time necessary for the stomach to activate its gastric juices. Why avoid commercial ground food. There is currently a great movement of the market around production of ground food type BARF for our animals, together with the other grounds mentioned above, c and there are many other to not feed our cats with food commercial chopped. One of these reasons has to do with checking you have on the procedures for handling the food you buy; we don't have idea of how the food that was used is stato managed, what kind of facility has been used, what kind of sanitation procedures, how correctly it is been kept frozen from processing until it arrived at our home. And speaking of purchases, in principle, these preparations are very expensive. Often they contain bone ground, organi ma _cc781905-5cde-3194bdd -136bad5cf58d_ what are the proportions of flesh, bones or organs but , how much liver / heart o_cc781905-5cde-3194cfbad. In addition to this, many preparations also contain vegetables, fruits, rice and psyllium, which are often used as cheap fillers. Since these mixed ground foods, often contain a bone overdose, (because bones are cheaper than meat boneless) many producers regularly include vegetables e psyllium in their recipes, because if this were not the case, excessive amounts of bone would cause chronic constipation in our cats. On the contrary, Mother nature draws its prey with the correct proportions, therefore, compared to the model of nature, processed, frozen products with their own proportions often distorted of flesh and bone, vegetable ingredients inadequate, are actually far inferior to a diet of whole pieces of meat, not ground. By looking at nature and following the basic guidelines for the proportions of flesh, bone and organs present in a preda, we are able to feed our pets with the healthiest and most natural diet possible. Natural Project Invertito Many people are so used to thinking of cat food as a mushy pile of "goop" that they have even decided to buy their own mincers _cc781905 -bb3b-136bad5cf58d_elettrici e con grandi spese , macinare il proprio raw cat food according to different recipes. Such an investment of money and time would be much better spent per high quality raw food, as the quality of the meat with which _cc781905-5cde-3194_badcb3b-136 our pets, carnivores, is the key. Grinding the meat, affects significantly decreasing some of the nutrients naturally present in raw foods, grinding increases the surface of the exposed meat_cc781905-bbc3b-3194 that in this air bad way is attacked more quickly by the bacteria that start their work, destroying amino acids essential for the life of the cat. ( see section Taurine ) Another benefit of feeding with little transformed whole chunks is the fact that their nutrients remain essentially intact, just as nature made them. The ground Barf, whether pre-packaged o made at home is, in essence, nothing more than an attempt by humans to reverse the nature of naturally designed foods " for carnivores. The natural way is always the best alternative. Finally, as if all this were not enough reason not to feed your cat a diet pre-chewed, we can consider the overall mental, physical and psychological implications of feeding with _cc781905-5cde-3194- bb3b-136bad5cf58d_whole raw foods. The nutrition for your cat made with whole foods, stimulates him, not only involving him in the_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136__bad5cf58d 136bad5cf58d_mastication process, but all the muscles are involved .... from the legs, to the neck, etc. e eating as his body was designed make sure you _cc78194-5bad5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d__cc78194-5bcc5-3194bdcc5-31c5890-3194bcc5-136c bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ in a way that just licking mushy food could never do. Something comes alive in a cat that is fully fed, which involves all of its sensi ... If you feed your cat this way you know exactly what this means ..... if you never do it, you can't _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -136bad5cf58d_see what it means to your feline friend, when that spark of carnivores in him comes to life ... reminding him to be a real feline! _Cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Reasons to feed whole rather than ground pieces: Teeth , gums and general oral health improved, Increased digestibility Greater control over food handling and sanitation Less spread of food-borne bacteria Less nutrient loss Cheaper than commercial ground barf There is no need to spend money on expensive electric meat grinders The challenge of eating whole foods psychic engagement, restoration of the nature of the carnivore. If by any chance, for some reason your cat does not have all of her teeth and you intend to feed her a raw diet, she will need to grind at least some, if not all, of the ingredients in her diet. In this case, you can find a lot of info on the page dedicated to the recipes of mashed food HERE, or you can visit http://www.catnutrition.org you can find recipes and tips for preparing meals which must include bones and organs. Please remember, though, that there are some cats who no longer have all of their teeth, but still manage a chewing large enough pieces of meat. PLEASE NOTE: Although a whole raw food diet based on the "natural prey" or "assembled pieces of prey" model is the most natural healthy way to feed i our cats, it is not a panacea for any or all diseases, nor should it be considered as such. If your cat is sick, we recommend that you seek a veterinary nutritionist who will be able to advise you on the best diet for your cat. The material contained in this site is the opinion of the author and has been translated by me karin Pedrona, for informational and educational purposes only. Nothing written here is intended or should be regarded as a veterinarian's opinion, and the author assumes no responsibility for the reader's use or misuse of this information. THE PARTIAL OR INTEGRAL REPRODUCTION OF THE TEXT IS VIETATA- TO USE THIS TEXT IN A PARTIAL OR INTEGRAL WAY, PRICE MANDARIN@SIA.NET RABANDARINKA © 2010 Linda Zurig All rights reserved - Article translated by Karin Pedrona SOURCE: Original article: http://www.rawfedcats.org/nogrinders.htm Page being updated, come back and visit us for more info- L' Alimentazione a pezzi interi migliora la salute oral e. Nel corso del tempo, una dieta a base solo di alimenti tritati può causare placca e tartaro che inevitabilmente vanno a fissarsi sui denti, questo può causare irritazioni gengivali, che possono portare a una miriade di problemi ; come ad esempio gengive deboli, infiammate e malsane, che non possono così sostenere saldamente i denti causandone la perdita. Gengivite e malattie periodontali sono anche un'indicazione di una presenza cronica di una maggiore quantità di batteri malsani in bocca. Questi batteri, regolarmente ingeriti, a loro volta influenzano l'intero sistema dell organismo. Nel corso del tempo, questo può essere un fattore importante che contribuisce all' insorgere di molte malattie sistemiche gravi. Molte persone portano i loro gatti dal veterinario per la regolare pulizia dei denti. Questa procedura è non solo costoso, ma è anche molto stressante per il gatto, e richiede l'anestesia, che porta sempre con sé un certo grado di rischio. Alimentare i gatti come natura vuole , nella maggior parte dei casi elimina la necessità di questa procedura. Questo perché il "lavaggio naturale" e l'azione "filo interdentale" che è in grado di svolgere la carne cruda, le ossa polpose, il tessuto connettivo, aiuta a mantenere i denti bianchi e puliti, gengive rosa, sane e forti. La Carne a pezzi cruda è più digeribile Oltre alla questione della salute orale un altro punto a sfavore della carne macinata, è la questione della digestione. L' alimento macinato agevola un ingerimento veloce del cibo da parte del gatto e poichè non c è bisogno di nessun sforzo per strappare, rompere, etcc. S erve davvero poco tempo al cibo per arrivare diretto nello stomaco che spesso non ha tempo di produrre gli acidi digestivi necessari. Tali pasti così veloci possono finire per causare irritazioni o indigestione. Uno dei grandi vantaggi di alimentare con pezzi interi è che richiede un certo lavoro da parte delle mascelle e dei denti ; strappare via le fibre carnose ,recidere i tendini, sgranocchiare le ossa, strappare tutta la carne dalle ossa polpose richiede un certo tempo, appunto il tempo necessario allo stomaco per attivare i suoi succhi gastrici. Progetto Naturale Invertito Molte persone sono così abituati a "pensare" al cibo per gatti, come un patè, che decidono di acquistare i propri tritacarne elettrici e con grandi spese e macinare il proprio cibo crudo per i loro gatti usando diverse ricette. Un tale investimento di denaro e tempo sarebbe molto meglio spenderlo per preparare cibo crudo di alta qualità, siccome la qualità della carne con cui cibiamo i nostri animali domestici è "la chiave" La manipolazione della carne , influisce diminuendo sensibilmente alcuni dei nutrienti naturalmente presenti nei cibi crudi, macinare aumenta la superficie della carne esposta all aria, che in questo modo viene attaccata più velocemente dai batteri che iniziano il loro lavoro , distruggendo aminoacidi essenziali per la vita del gatto. Un altro vantaggio di alimentare con pezzi interi poco trasformati è il fatto che le loro sostanze nutritive rimangono sostanzialmente intatte. La Barf macinata, sia preconfezionata o fatta in casa è, in sostanza, niente di più che un tentativo da parte dell' essere umano, di invertire il progetto che madre natura ha pensato per gli animali carnivori. SE tutto questo non fosse una ragione sufficiente per non alimentare il vostro gatto una dieta pre-masticata, possiamo considerare le implicazioni mentali, fisiche e psicologiche complessive di alimentazione con cibi crudi interi. L' alimentazione per il vostro gatto fatta con cibi interi, lo stimola, non solo coinvolgendolo nel processo di masticazione, ma vengono coinvolti tutti i muscoli; dalle zampe , al collo etcc. Masticare per come il suo corpo è stato progettato fa sì che si impegni in un modo che il solo leccare del cibo molliccio non potrebbe mai fare. Qualcosa si anima in un gatto che è alimentato a pezzi interi che coinvolge tutti i suoi sensi... Se nutrite il vostro gatto in questo modo sapete esattamente che cosa questo significa..... quando quella scintilla dei carnivori in lui RI-prende vita ricordandogli di essere un vero felino! BARF "COMMERCIALE" MACINATA Attualmente c è un grande movimento del mercato attorno alla produzione di cibo macinato di tipo BARF per i nostri animali, insieme con gli altri motivi citati qui sopra, ce ne sono molti altri per non alimentare i nostri gatti con cibo commerciale tritato. Una di queste ragioni ha a che fare con il controllo si ha sulle procedure di manipolazione del cibo che si acquista; non abbiamo idea di come il cibo che è stato utilizzato è stato gestito, che tipo impianto è stato usato, che tipo di procedure di sanificazione , quanto correttamente è stato mantenuto congelato dalla lavorazione fina a quando non è arrivato a casa nostra. E a proposito di acquisti, in linea di massima, questi preparati c ontengono osso macinato e organi MA non è dato sapere quali siano le percentuali ed espongono solo la scritta: " adatto al cane e al gatto" come se avessero le stesse necessità nutrizionali ! Oltre a questo, molti preparati contengono anche molta verdure, frutta, riso e psyllum, che sono spesso utilizzati come riempitivi a buon mercato. Dal momento che questi alimenti misti macinati , contengono spesso un sovradosaggio di osso e cartilagini , (perché le ossa sono più convenienti rispetto carne disossata) molti produttori includono regolarmente i vegetali e psyllium nelle loro ricette, perché se così non fosse, le quantità eccessive di osso ,causerebbe costipazione cronica nei nostri gatti. BARF "ARTIGIANALE" MACINATA In italia, ad oggi ( 25/10/2024) esiste "un solo produttore di BARF MACINATA" bilanciata e appositamente formulata per il gatto con carni di origine italiana , lavorata artigianalmente, ed è la Barf dell' azienda Mr. BARF ITALIA di Marco di Candia .LINK:---- https://www.mrbarfitalia.it/- ( dichiaro di non avere interessi commerciali sul prodotto) RIASSUMENDO: COME UTILIZZARE i MACINATI BARF IN MANIERA UTILE, ANNULLANDONE LE CRITICITA': PROBLEMI: Denti, gengive, salute orale, digeribilità, soddisfazione, coinvolgimento psichico, ripristino della natura del carnivoro, mantenimento del peso forma, obesità. SOLUZIONE: PREVEDERE all' interno della DIETA l' inserimento di pezzi di carne interi, Quaglie, Essiccati di carne etcc.. PROBLEMI: Maggiore controllo sulla manipolazione, diffusione di batteri, perdita di nutrienti, scarsa qualità delle carni, prodotti non bilanciati esclusivamente per il gatto. ( i gatti hanno necessità nutrizionali molto diverse dal cane) SOLUZIONE : 1) Scegliere un azienda ARTIGIANALE che produca prodotti esclusi , al posto di aziende COMMERCIALI. SOLUZION E : 2) Preparare in maniera Casalinga la BARF macinata, seguendo i corretti bilanciamenti per il gatto Se non ti senti sicuro e senti la Necessità di un BARF COACH che ti aiuti passo a passo a transitare il gatto, comprare, gestire , preparare e somministrare la dieta BARF , puoi contattarmi privatamente via E-Mail : karin@barfcoach.it oppure telefonicamente al + 39 3894984632 - Sono Karin Pedrona “Tecnico della Dietetica e Nutrizione Veterinaria” Specializzata in Dieta BARF per il Gatto. LA RIPRODUZIONE PARZIALE O INTEGRALE DEL TESTO E' VIETATA- PER UTILIZZARE QUESTO TESTO IN MODO PARZIALE O INTEGRALE SI PREGA DI MANDARE RICHESTA SCRITTA A : karin@barfcoach.it © 2010 Linda Zurig Tutti i diritti riservati - Articolo tradotto da Karin Pedrona FONTE: articolo originale: http://www.rawfedcats.org/nogrinders.htm Pagina in aggiornamento , tornate a trovarci per più info- Whole prey feeding o Rebuilt in pieces. Why is it harmful to grind meat. How to prepare food for our cat at home. Back to Barf

allevamento gatti norvegesi a Parma, il significato del nostro nome, intervista sul nostro allevamento, video sul gatto norvegese, allevare il gatto norvegese "Disir Nornir" THE NAME "DISIR NORNIR" I have always been fascinated by mythology, since I was a child, but only thanks to the Norwegian cats, that I got to know Norse mythology. The Disir are a large group of female spirits who preside over Asgard, they determine the fate of all humans and gods. The three most important disir are the Nornir Urðr, Verðandi, and Skuld, whose names translate to "What is success "," What is happening "and" What will come " These three Nornir are hidden under Yddrasil, the World Tree, which has its roots in the water of the well of Urd and to prevent its roots from rotting the disir nornir scatter sand all around. As they sit under the world tree, Urðr, Verðandi, and Skuld weave the threads of man's destiny. Alongside these three Nornir there are many other Disir that come when a person is born in order to determine his fate, they are both benevolent and malevolent. Recent research has discussed the relationship between the Norns and the Valkyries, women who visited infants in pre-Christian Norse societies. The Disir Nornir remind me that the only constant in the universe is "Change" and with that in mind ... I imagine a large loom, the warp threads on the loom as our biological, spiritual, cultural heritage .... I imagine Urðr , Verðandi, and Skuld who weave the weft with the threads of our choices, which we have given them, the conscious and unconscious choices of all beings become the weft threads which are then woven together with the thread of inheritance and joining forming the magically mysterious fabric of the Multiverse. http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso Amateur breeding, which deals with the protection and safeguard of the Norwegian forest breed Protecting the Norwegian cat means to me, safeguarding this NATURAL breed (read the origins of the breed) through the study and comparison with other breeders, trying to preserve those bloodlines that are being lost in favor of others, used simply for aesthetic purposes. How did I become a "Guardian" of the Natural Race Norwegian Forest Cat "? Sometimes I wonder too ... To tell the truth, I never chose it ... it has been a long journey .. made above all of love for these cats, creatures so perfect, loving, joyful, who fill your life with unconditional affection. I've always been an animal lover, since childhood, but my adventure with cats Norwegian forest starts in 2006; I saw my first Norwegian cat on the internet, maybe how is happening to you in this moment ... it was a beautiful white cat with magic eyes, a magnetic gaze, sweet but so full of pride ... This cat that remained so impressed on me his name was Noel Maelstrom. After some searching, to find a Norwegian in Italy, another photo kidnapped mine heart ..... it was him! Cagliostro Vani's Ark, what would be later became my first Norwegian Forest Cat ... What a thrill it was to go and get it !! I remember like it was yesterday, the walk in the center of Arezzo, with my beloved treasure in the carrier ... and the return trip with Cagliostro who was all composed and sat on the back seat with his paws crossed .... he was a real Lord! and he would have kept this beautiful pride of his forever ... until his last moments of life, where with that paw of his, slightly protruding his nails ... he squeezed my hand for the last time ... Day after day my passion has grown and the desire for knowledge has pushed me to deepen their history ... and so without realizing it and driven by the passion towards their history and their so proud character, _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -136bad5cf58d_ I was already in Milan to pick up Genny ... the future bride of Cagliostro .... I had become a "Norwegian Guardian" without realizing it ".... and so over time new friends arrived, such as Vamyr, Crystal, Maya, Isak, Brisingamen, Coral, Castella, Riddick, Brilliant, Agra, Catelyn, Marvel, Kamiko, Erza ..... some of them lived only part of the their life with me .... others are gone ... Genny is 15 years old and lives with me while his children Willy and Charlie _cc781905- 5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ have recently left me ... It is not easy to explain for me who am not a writer, what a wonderful experience it is to be able to live with the Norwegian Cats ... treat them, see them born, grow .... but also being there in the moment of illness and death. .. all this becomes inevitably un personal growth path and despite the suffering to which it exposes me to raise, I am really grateful to these special beings, for everything they teach me every day , where their proximity, so clear and clean, is capable of healing your heart .. even from the most deep wounds.

tabella taurina contenuta nella carne

mostre gatti norvegesi, esposizioni gatti, stress gabbie esposizioni, tratti morfologici, aspetto estetico, patologie gravi, occhi sporgenti, sofferenza animali Feline exhibits When "beautiful" means "genetic abuse" GENETIC MALTRACTING The breed standard is that set of specific morphological and behavioral characteristics that a subject - be it a dog, a cat or any other animal - should have in order to be included in a particular breed. Therefore, the standard is a point of reference both for breeders, who should aim to create a good "subject" and always improve it, and for owners who wish to have a dog or cat that meets the "sacred canons" "of the breed object of their desire. However, when selection is pushed to the extreme to privilege some exclusively aesthetic characteristics without looking at functionality and resorting to extreme inbreeding, problems begin to arise and genetic maltreatment takes shape, a much more serious form of maltreatment than simple suffering inflicted on a single animal since, on the contrary, it affects a large number of subjects and can be perpetrated for many generations to come. WHAT FUELS GENETIC MALTRACTING? Obviously, the fault is not only of the breeders, of the judges and associations that push more and more towards extreme hypertypes in which the aesthetic qualities (and functional defects!) Are enhanced to the nth degree, but the responsibility is mostly to be attributed to the market demands and the desires of an increasingly demanding public that in doing so does not look without realizing it to animal welfare, but aims only at the satisfaction of a whim generated by the subliminal messages that arrive from society . History repeats itself and we have all had the opportunity to witness, over time, the boom of this or that breed, perhaps in conjunction with the release of a successful film or, more recently, due to the desire to own a dog or a cat like that of television stars or web influencers who hammer us daily with their images and videos on socials. Fickle, temporary and fleeting fashions with a huge round of money behind them, unfortunately at the expense of animals that, although aesthetically cute and "perfect", pay the price of our superficiality having to live with physical problems that they compromise their quality of life or even their survival. Already in the 60s of the last century , a certain awareness of the importance of the "healthy" over the "beautiful" began to grow within the veterinary world and something, at a European level, is starting to move, albeit slowly and with difficulty. Even in our country something is starting to take shape in this sense, such as the establishment of the Cbv (Bioethical Committee for Veterinary Medicine), in 2018, or the birth of associations such as Asetra (Association of ethological studies and protection of the relationship with animals) . Giovanni Cubeddu, former Professor of Forensic Medicine at the University of Sassari and president of Melefovet (study group of Forensic and Veterinary Forensic Medicine of the Italian Association of Small Animal Veterinarians), and Ferdinando Meregaglia, freelance from Turin and secretary of Melefovet, explained the legal implications of genetic maltreatment, an aspect that is too often overlooked, but which can also have important implications for the veterinarian. The need to satisfy market needs deriving from the rapid request for aesthetically pleasing subjects and respondents to the fashion of the moment inevitably involves the use of a pushed inbreeding, using a few breeding subjects that bring with them both the desired morphological characteristics and even serious problems, an issue that the WSAVA had raised as early as the 1960s. DOWNLOAD AND READ ALL THE ARTICLE HERE I think that you are missing a real awareness in people who approach, breed and buy_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb381-136_bad5cf58d-3194_bad5cf58d. -bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Some cat breeds have undergone extreme changes in the course of less than 50 years, which have taken them to the extreme in terms of morphology and therefore health, for which the evidence is still denied . Although Anfi (Italian National Feline Association) has moved in this direction r expanding the registration in the herd books of some of these breeds, in my opinion, there are still lot work to do. Below I have inserted some links from which I hope you will take some food for thought ... Happy reading and viewing- Video Documentary on the influence of exhibitions on cat health of breed. 5-part BBC video documentary on the influence of dog shows on the health of purebred dogs. WHAT CAN WE DO? _Cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ download the pdf of the TICA association

I miei gatti norvegesi più anziani, coloro che hanno dato la loro linea genealogica e hanno fondato la storia del mio allevamento. My Norwegians - Neutral- (spayed / neutered) Below are my top 2 Norwegian cats, where it all started: Vani's Ark Cagliostro, Kiegira's Skog Genny- Disir Nornir Charlie Bucket, Disir Nornir Willy Wonka are their children who have stayed here with me as companion cats. Cagliostro, Willy Wonka, Charlie Bucket, they are no longer with me, unfortunately they left me momentarily ...., I hope they will be there from the rainbow bridge waiting for me .... Genny currently lives with me Born 5-3-2013 father : FI * Kujakeykarin Blak - _cc7819094 -5bad5 -135cde-3194 -... bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ SE * Virvla's Karamella Inbreeding 7th generations 0% Complete inbreeding = 1, 85% _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d% Polaris = 4, 63 HCM-negative June 2014 HCM-negative August 2015 HCM - Negative jen_cc781905 -5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_2018 PKD: Negative PK-DEF: Negative GSD 4: Negative TriTrichomonas: Negative 2013 Giardia: Negative jul. 2019 Chlamydia Aug 2017 * PEDIGREE * FI * Just Special Bryght Crystal NEUTRAL Born 27-5-2014 father: NO * FRU PEDERSENS PEDER STARUP - mother: SE * ZYGOT ALLEY-OOP HCM-negative May 2015 -HCM Negative Jen 2018 - HCM Negative June 2019 PKD: Negative asc * GSD 4: Negative Asc * Giardia: Negative Jul 2019 - Chlamydia: Negative Aug.2017 * PEDIGREE * NO * Fru Pedersen Maya Alexandra Cornelia _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb589094-136bad5cde-3194-bb589094-136bad5ccc3 -bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ 1_cc7819094-badd5-136bcc5_b58f5-3194-badd5-136bcc5_ -5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_

Ciao! Sono Karin Pedrona, Diplomata con Eccellenza" in Dietetica e Nutrizione Veterinaria" Specializzata in Dieta BARF, ora studentessa di Naturopatia - Fitoterapia e Erboristeria Veterinaria. Sono orgogliosa di poterti offrire il PRIMO SERVIZIO ITALIANO di BARF COACHING! Sono un Allevatore Amatoriale di Gatti Norvegesi dal 2006 e nutro i miei gattini, adulti e anziani, con dieta BARF dal 2010 COSA E' UN BARF COACH PER GATTI ?? Il BARF Coach è PRIMA DI TUTTO UN PROFONDO CONOSCITORE E UTILIZZATORE DI LUNGA ESPERIENZA di questa dieta, che ha Competenze Tecniche professionali a 360 gradi in Dietetica e Alimentazione Veterinaria, ma sopratutto è specializzato nella Dieta BARF. MA il Barf Coach, e' più di un semplice consulente nutrizionale ; si distingue per il suo approccio olistico e personalizzato, lavorando a stretto contatto con il proprietario per implementare e mantenere una dieta cruda che possa migliorare il benessere generale dell'animale. OK , MA COSA FA? SOSTEGNO e SUPPORTO CONTINUO : il BARF coach segue il proprietario passo dopo passo, nei mesi , fornendo supporto continuo e adattamenti al percorso alimentare man mano che emergono nuove esigenze o sfide. MOTIVAZIONE: Il BARF coach motiva il proprietario in quei momenti di sconforto (che tutti conosciamo bene) quando ci troviamo di fronte a quelli che sembrano essere " capricci " del gatto, fornendogli soluzioni e un adeguata chiave di lettura. EDUCAZIONE e AUTONOMIA: Il BARF coach educa in merito ai benefici della dieta cruda, spiega i principi della dieta BARF, chiarisce i dubbi, trasmette nozioni importanti in merito a benefici e rischi, aiuta nella pianificazione della dieta, nella gestione degli alimenti e del loro acquisto, offre consigli pratici per affrontare eventuali difficoltà, come organizzare la spesa , come ottimizzare gli sprechi, come organizzare il frigorifero, quali strumenti usare, igiene e tutto ciò di cui necessita per semplificare l' utilizzo della dieta BARF al fine di rendere autonomo il proprietario. COLLABORAZIONE CON I VETERINARI: Aiuta e supporto al prorpietario del gatto nella transizione verso la dieta prescritta dal veterinario. ALLEVAMENTI FELINI : Transizione dell' Allevamento Felino e formazione per l' Allevatore all utilizzo consapevole della dieta BARF Info: karin@barfcoach.it +39 3894984632

SC Fram's P. Teddy Bear, DVM, M, NFO w 63, 2007-07-05, CH / NL Polaris Analysis = 11,1% http://www.vantkortewoud.nl/

Un gatto di razza non è un oggetto di lusso da possedere. Un gatto di razza è “qualunque gatto” perché seguito, perché amato, voluto, perché è conosciuto, e perché per questi motivi, potrà rendere felici gli altri. Meticcio non è sinonimo di "bastardo", di gatto di nessuna importanza, ma dovrebbe essere solo segno di “gatto nato da genitori di diversa, sconosciuta o non definibile razza”. Meticcio potrebbe voler dire anche “essere unico” e per questo forse ancora più particolare, prezioso.... I DO NOT SELL the life of cats Let's clarify a concept immediately: "I don't sell the life of cats." I, a 21st century farmer, ask to pay the price for my work. That's all. Follow the cats day and night, every day of the year, all life, always without holidays, always available, with the expense of many investments made to make them feel good, feed them every day as best as possible, to pay veterinary expenses, well all this has a price! And this price someone has to pay since the animals don't go to work alone, they don't decide to get married and set up a house, and they don't bother themselves to raise their puppies. Since cat weddings have to be decided by us, being pets, since the cat's health is in our exclusive hands, since veterinarians, feeders and specialists get paid, it is impossible to carry out the task of breeder without perceiving a reasonable income, not based on the value of the life of a living being, but based on the cost necessary to reach him. Each cat is as good as the other. A half-breed is no less than a purebred cat. A purebred cat is not a better living being or having more rights by its birth than a foundling. The choice of going to the cattery to get a cat can be as noble and as noble as that of going to a kennel, you just need to know what you are doing! Very often people do the math in your pocket, and wonder why you can ask for a certain amount for a cat. They make two quick calculations, how much the feed costs, how much does a vaccine and a microchip cost and they ask, or ask you, or think about it, how you can ask for such exorbitant amounts as hundreds of euros. Many from ignorant buyers, become ignorant breeders, thinking of making tons of money, and mostly end up giving up after some time, when they are tired and worn out from the effort it takes to be breeders, leaving their cats to the first that happens or to the nearest cattery, or they end up becoming vine traders. Breeding does not mean giving birth to a litter .. He is not a breeder who, having a female in his house, makes her reproduce and then arranges the puppies, as it is not to generate a child that makes you a mother, or is minimally so, but rather to raise him, love him, protect him. We as parents are mostly the fruit of how our parents were with us .. You are a breeder when you are able, litter after litter, to give birth to healthy little ones, who will be appreciated, loved, understood, and when you make a contribution to the species and breed in question, improving it, when you help people understand their own. animals, improving their life, or preventing them from ruining it by taking an unsuitable four-legged friend. A purebred cat is not a luxury item to own. A purebred cat is “any cat” because it is followed, because it is loved, wanted, because it is known, and because for these reasons it can make others happy. Mestizo is not synonymous with "nothing", "bastard", cat of no importance, but should only be a sign of "cat born of parents of different, unknown or not definable breed". Mestizo could also mean "to be unique" and for this reason perhaps even more particular, precious ... The fact that a mestizo has fantastic qualities does not make all mestizos suitable for the same person. I love any cat, but I breed purebred cats because I try to give birth to cats suitable for my life, cats suitable for certain people, cats that are happy, and to do this, it is more practical and safer to be sure of how they will be. these cats, rather than relying on chance. This is how the races were born .. In a hypothetical perfect world without chains, only the strongest and most useful animal would win and reproduce. In this life, the only one I know, the strongest cat is the most useful to man, and he has more chances of having a good life, and I want to give birth to lucky and beloved cats, cats that are important to someone. Giving birth to useless cats would always make me tremble for their life ... I don't want my cats to pity and be taken blindly, out of mercy. I want my cats to be useful, that people recognize their qualities and want them with them even if it costs money to maintain them, because they realize that they give something more to our life. A serving cat is a cat that can find accommodation even as an adult, in the unfortunate case its owner can no longer take care of it. Un cat taken only for mercy will always be in the hands of his god man, at his mercy, and I do not want_cc781905-5cde-319458-bb3cb-136d. **** Say that i cats should all be taken in the gattili and that the_cc7905 -3145b3b-84bd81-3194bd81-3194bd81-3194bd81-3194bd81- bb3b-136bad5cf58d_do not buy, it is pure e stupida demagogia_cc781905-5cde-3194-bbcia_bad5 who does not need to exchange animals for no one objects, and it is unfortunately often to say this ***** Maybe the best, the kindest and most unselfish of us stop having children of their own to go and adopt all the starving children in the world? Perhaps we give up the joy, the happiness of having our child, a little one who grows naturally, happily with us, without ever having suffered stress or having had problems or illnesses, due to the fact that many children suffer in other parts of the world? The suffering, the sadness of life, can make us all stop living a natural life and for this reason it also makes us happy? Should the feline species all go through abandonment? will we have to have one day only cats born by chance due to some criminal who has abandoned, abused, indiscriminately mated? Cats are not all the same. They must all enjoy the same rights of course, because no one is to blame, but they are very different from each other, in terms of capacity and health. We cannot allow "pathology", abandonment, to become the basis of the cats of tomorrow . Altruism must not and cannot lead us towards illness, towards an unnatural life, just as it is unfair that sick purebred cats are born, full of pathologies that can be cured only because medicine today has made considerable progress (a cat of sick race is the most disgusting thing that can be!). So why are many often ready to cheer up farmers? Why are they so quickly ready to do the math in their pocket? When animal rights activists take it out against breeders, well, I always think that we have not understood each other, that they have not understood that we are on the exact same side, that of the defense of animals. I could never blame those who love animals, even if they make wrong arguments in many other ways. I hope that by reading these lines of mine someone will realize that we are not all the same, neither they nor us. In many other cases, however, the problem is money ... and sometimes ignorance, and the two things joined together, do the rest. Well, whoever thinks that breeding means making money at the expense of animals, may he try it himself, that you spend a lifetime getting up at night to check on puppies, to follow dying or ailing elderly people, that you answer the phone all day long to people who need advice for growth, that you collect tons of poop (this particular fragrant of our life does not many calculate it, but perhaps it is the most present constant), that he deprives himself of vacation, private life, of a normal life, and after we will see if in the end he will still think so. Oh sure, you can not do all this .. You can be architects, engineers, bankers, and in the leftovers of time go and serve a meal to two animals kept in cages. You can find time to deliver the puppies but not time to meet people's needs. You can find the money to pay for advertisers and almost always illegal workers to better sell your goods ... Even today in Italy, you can be vine merchants, but this does not mean that we are all like this ._cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -136bad5cf58d_ It does not mean that the fact that there are those who take advantage of the gatti and the naivety of others, we are all like that. Maybe a babysitter doesn't pay? Maybe a teacher or a doctor shouldn't get paid because they are all figures who should think more about loving than surviving? But how? But you should do it out of passion, some say when they have to pay these gentlemen's fees .. But since when do people who love their neighbors and animals live on nothing? Shouldn't she be paid just more, because life is based on it? The foundation for everything else? Why instead of trying to reward better those who in addition to providing us a job also gives examples of pure love, we do nothing but mortify them and try to give them as little as possible by leveraging their love for life and for what they do? A kennel does not have the costs of a single litter, but those of an entire human life to get to that litter. In a farm there are gatti sani that reproduce and gatti_gatti sani that reproduce and gatti_gatti_cc3b5 -136bad5cf58d_con some disease and that will never reproduce, gattianziani, but who are equally loved and_cc781_bad-136-badd5-136 often spend a lot of money, and these must also come through the lucky ones. In the farms look for i gatti olders, because these will be a guarantee for the farmer is always good, money is not always good. they are more and more beautiful. For a litter that is born and grows up healthy, there are often others in which everything went wrong, in which good money was spent to travel far in search of a worthy husband for our female, but maybe few puppies were born, maybe the mother had to undergo a caesarean surgery, maybe all the little ones died, maybe she didn't get pregnant and there are only the costs to pay .. A farm also has all the very expensive costs due to health and administrative permits to raise, to building ones, the structures necessary to make all animals feel good, at the expense of surveyors, agronomists and accountants, but nobody thinks about this. It is one thing to have a healthy female who has a wonderful litter in her own home, and everything looks beautiful and goes beautifully, and makes the joy of birth seem like a trifle, and another thing is to give birth and repeat this miracle of life over and over to give. this joy to many people. Nobody talks about all the people who, having a litter at home, found themselves faced with the shock of a first-parent mother, taken by convulsions, or the one who cannot give birth ... or the one who had ruptured uterus. The comparison to diminish the work of breeders is always and only with the very lucky litters for which few expenses were needed. A private individual who has a lot of knowledge on the gatti, who has spent all his free time for the passione on felines and who is willing to give all his love to others in terms of puppies is often a wonderful choice to find a puppy, I say this first, but there are very few of these people if you relate them to all the people who instead want and need the affection of an animal. The breeder and his way of breeding are nothing more than the fruit of the society that surrounds us. If there are vine dealers it is because there are people who al gatto degive the value of an object, who_cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d the fact that they are rewarding an exploiter of lives. If animal life were given more value, it would be much easier for farmers to make animals feel good too, and only animal lovers would proliferate, because people would immediately recognize traders as an end in themselves and would always be ready to reward well for what really matters. And do we forget the tax authorities? Being a breeder also means paying taxes eh! Yet as soon as you name the VAT, people instead of being happy to have an invoice in their hands for the money given, instead of being happy for contributing a part of their money to this Italy that is doing so badly, instead of being happy to have a dealing with an honest person, takes and changes the air. (we are talking about professional breeders, when we are talking about amateurs, the equivalent is to have the contract in hand)) Having an invoice in hand for a purchase that will live at least ten years, it seems to me anything but silly, even economically and commercially speaking, considering the unpredictability of life, the difficulty of breeding well and the mysteries of genetics . It is one thing not to pay VAT for a coffee (and this is also wrong), and an account, much more foolish, is to have no trace of an often substantial payment, for something that will be with us for a long time. When money has to be perceived, they are all ready, kind, fast… but when the money is gone, things change, and all this kindness becomes a memory. Merchants have no time for kindness, and they even respond to rude ones, because they only have money in mind ... Will it come or won't it? This is their constant thought. A trader does not waste time in a thousand photos, he does not know the details of the life of his gatti. He doesn't waste much time in visits, he goes fast, he has no time to waste, yet there are people who from this false demeanor, from this icy coldness, sometimes from a jacket and a tie, from two notions about race that anyone could learn, gets intimidated into submitting to it, and end up rewarding it. A breeder should always have the answers ready to all or most of the questions of every buyer ... He should at least know his subject inside out. **** It is for this reason that nowadays we don't even reply to e-mails where they spartanly ask us only the price. ****** _ cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ When we feel full of philanthropism, we try to educate the most obviously ignorant without malice, but when someone asks us about gatti based on the stains of the coat, on the basis of sex to type of pedigree and that's it, well then it will just find a wall in your face and won't have any answer. We all love beauty, we all want to choose, we are all curious, we want to think for ourselves, but many of us also have to learn what it means to breed, and what are the important things to look at. Many think that if they choose first they will get the best cats, something to brag about forever and that will also give them love, because they are taken by an inordinate feeling of victory and optimism. "I want the certainty that the cat will become huge" ".... This is heard every now and then .... Please go elsewhere, I answer ... Given that to make the first choice and actually get a cat with certain skills it takes a lot of knowledge about the breed, the bloodline, cats in general and the ways in which kittens are managed, not always the first choice. , even on many, it is equivalent to a cat with great gifts. It all depends on who the parents are, what these puppies are like, who they choose. The best cat for me, to breed, to compensate for the shortcomings of my other cats, is not necessarily the same for a person who will have that cat and that's it for life. The best cat for me, who love taciturn and not very clingy cats, is not necessarily the best for another. Finally, tell me how I can best do my job as a breeder, how can I find a happy home and people who love my kittens, when I am asked for a cat with spots on its back well arranged vertically? As if you were choosing home furnishings? Tell me how I can think of animal welfare, when people want to take the cat for the festive occasion, regardless of the fact that the kittens need a certain amount of time to spend with their mother, to be sociable and safe cats when they grow up. of himself? Sometimes for three months I constantly change my mind about puppies, I have an enormous effort to understand which are the qualities of a puppy that are most suitable for me, yet many people, in no time at all, are convinced to come and play Bingo! How can curiosity, arrogance, haste ... and finally the money that each of us can spend up to a certain point can be reconciled with the most important thing: the life of the animal? When you have to get a cat, consider your life well, and look for the most suitable cat to make it happy and serene. If you get the right cat, everything will appear easier and even giving love and cuddles will be simple. It is useless to go and get the cat from the cattery filled with a sense of pity, not having enough feline knowledge to recover an often traumatized character, not having the money to pay an educator to recover this traumatized character, and not taking a cat congenial to ours. life needs .... and often having a complicated one too. What can the lady who lives in an apartment full of crystals and antique carpets do with it, with a cat that as a puppy was in so much pain and needed help, but when grown up by its nature and not its fault, loves to jump from one piece of furniture to another, nail the carpet or the armchairs ?? _ cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Doing good is wonderful and I recommend it to everyone, but you also need to know how to do it. And choosing a cat may seem easy, but it isn't. You have to know yourself well to the extent that you are ready to accept the life of a cat with us. We often want cute and hyper active cats like Bengals, but then do we have time for them? Almost always we want the puppy and not the most grown cat, but then maybe we work all day and we don't have the time to follow the growth of this puppy. What do we need then to indulge this morbid desire of ours? To make an animal grow badly? Feeling lonely and insecure and making him become a frustrated adult to be led to re-educate, if not worse, that he can no longer bear? Wouldn't it be better to take an adult who may have returned to the farm due to bad luck, life cases, and who would require less time to devote to him? An adult is no less than a puppy. So first advice: let's take the breed that suits us, but not only! _Cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ After studying the characteristics of the breed, let's see if the cats of that breeding correspond to the standard. Let's go and see if those individual cats, that male, that female, that breeder, are as we imagine them. It does not matter if you take a cat that is not standard, spotted differently or that does not have the characteristics of the breed. It matters to get a cat that suits us first! It does not matter to take it purebred or mestizo, it matters to take it easy to love, suitable for our life and healthy. The purebred cat should just be the right cat for us. It should be a cat that gives us certainties or at least greater probabilities of health than the orphan or the cat born by chance and whose character we cannot predict. The latter will not therefore be a worthless cat, it will only be an unknown factor, and therefore a more difficult cat "in theory" and for which owners even more experienced and prepared for "everything" will be needed, but welcome! A breeder must pay for the work on knowing the character of their cats, not the fact of owning them. When someone asks me for a cat to go to the show, you can see that he didn't understand anything about me. I am looking for owners who love my cats for who they are and for themselves mainly. I don't care if they win fashion shows with my cat. And even with this, like everyone else, I love beautiful cats. Does it seem irreconcilable as what? And why? Maybe there is the need to show the beauty or the love that one possesses? Of course, you can also do exhibitions and parades, as in fact we do every now and then, enjoying victories like everyone else, you can have fun doing everything when you are comfortable together and happy, but this cannot be the basis. for a relationship. I don't want people who win cups with my cats, I don't want to satisfy someone's delicate aesthetic sense with my cats .. I want to give them friends forever. Cats to love and who are able to return this love. I want to give cats suitable for people and I want people to be suitable for them. I want to be clear about the characteristics of my cats, and when they differ from the standard or the average of other dogs, I mention it. I want to be called in the middle of the night if my cats are sick, I want to be tormented with questions because this is my life and there is nothing more beautiful than being able to teach what you know. There is nothing more beautiful than having a passion since we were children and passing it on, sharing it, making it grow day after day thanks to the questions and doubts of others, thanks to experience. This is paid for by a breeder ... the experience ... the knowledge ... not the possession of a cat, not the possession of a life. Everyone is good at buying, you just need the money. The aesthetic sense could have anyone, even the most selfish person or animal abuser in the world, but time, this simple thing, availability, humility, the ability to get dirty with mud and laugh with your cat, can to have only one father, only a breeder who truly loves his animal children. Always try to find out about the real characteristics of the breeding and the cats present. Pay someone for the good they have done and will do, not for their animal collection. First worry about whether a given animal is right for you, and about finding it, because once you find this, money is the least of the things. The expense for the purchase of a cat is really nothing compared to the good they can give us, but nevertheless we understand first, having never been rich, even this difficulty. Well, better wait then, and get the right cat from the right person, rather than running towards a trader, towards disappointments, towards a wrong relationship with an animal with which no one will help us later. A cat can cost a hundred euros, but an intervention to treat it can cost thousands of euros immediately and thousands more throughout life to continue the care. A cat can be healthy but if it has a bad temper, it will not only require basic education, but the expensive advice of a behaviorist will be needed. And how much does mental health, tranquility, joy inside a house cost? I'll tell you ... it's priceless. For this reason I never try to saddle my cat on the first come as if nothing had happened ... The best advertisement for me as a breeder is not the cat who wins a trophy, but the happy cat who lives with his human friend who is radiant with joy to be able to share his life with him. This is the image of my cats that I want to have in my mind, this is what I want to convey. In this kennel no show cats are born, cats with a label other than the one that first of all are cats that I like and are useful to my life, because without use, without real passion, nothing can come well. Disir Nornir cats are born here- If you don't need a cat, you can't love it, it's not useful to you, then you won't be happy and you won't be able to build anything good. If, on the other hand, you live your cats to the fullest, if you know everything about them because they make you happy and make you want to deepen your knowledge every day, then you will grow in your passion and pass on something concrete to people. It is not important to own champions, it is important to love your animals and to be able to talk for hours. Standards change, cats get sick, they get hurt, but the joy they give us remains forever. It does not matter if a cat has smaller ears than the standard, it only counts if that cat is in standard with my life and that of those who ask me. Cats do not take themselves for show as they do not take for pity. They take themselves to love them and to be loved. There is nothing immoral in longing to be loved, just as there is nothing immoral in longing for a wife or husband who will make us proud and happy. Purebred cat must mean "easier cat for our life", "easier to love", "cat with a family that will help you in difficult moments" .. For this you pay a breeder…. To reward him, to help him do better and better and to have help in turn. Here, I hope with these lines I have given some help to understand us, to those who often ask themselves “why buy a cat”…. "how much does a puppy cost"? cats are not bought, but anyone who works pays for itself. For your sake always look for someone who talks, who explains, who can be found often, not who is there for an hour a day, who is never found, who asks only and gives nothing, because if someone does not have time to respond to you, it almost certainly doesn't even have time for cats. Who does not know the weight of his cat, the condition of the coat, the nuances of the character, the details ... is someone who owns it but does not love it, or does not have time to love it ... Always get a contract or bill or a receipt for how much you pay, because whoever has nothing to hide and does everything right will have no problem guaranteeing your pet, and will give it perfect ... vaccinated, registered, guaranteed forever. Those who love their cats give them away with difficulty and are suspicious, they want to know who is on the other side. On the other hand, those who want to get rid of them or make money will often make everything easy, will answer briefly but also to dry and rude questions, will not be offended because they have no pride or love to defend, but only think about income. Who does not want to leave traces in the life of the cat, does not give answers by e-mail, no prices except live, no receipts, no bills or extremely low bills compared to the truth, no vaccines or chips, is someone who wants to hide, and of which one must be wary. If something is done right, it can be done in the open, it can be talked about anytime, anywhere. Avoid those who invite you to the kennel instead of answering your questions on the phone, because they want to lure you to move you with a few puppy eyes. Run away where you read "prompt delivery" .. "Puppies always"…. "Puppies for every pocket"…. Remember that puppies are always healthy except for exceptions, and that problems, diseases, come after a while, but they last a long time and are more expensive than buying a well-paid puppy. As a machine of any brand it will work well in the early days .. the difference of a dog based on quality you will only see it in the years to come. On the other hand, do not expect the moon, cats are not appliances, and if a puppy should show problems, try to understand that it is not possible to foresee everything. They are beings of flesh and blood, the imponderable will always be there. Do not think it is good to pay a puppy to take it away from a badly behaved breeder, because with your money he will give birth to double the unfortunate ones. Leave that puppy where it is to prevent others from suffering like it. If you have big doubts rather report! For all these reasons we will always have a lot of time for those who have it for us, we will ask to be paid for what we have worked and everything will be regularly billed, we will always be traceable for every question, we will avoid providing too many photos of small puppies or showing them continuously. , or to choose them before the age useful for fostering, to avoid indulging people in a hurry and not really fond of cats, since you cannot say much or advise anything about a puppy that is too small. -136bad5cf58d_ But then when the puppy passes by we will give a souvenir album of all the photos and details of the baby's growth, because we do not want to hide, but to avoid growing morbid curiosity and impatience. A puppy must be chosen calmly because it must be loved deeply forever, so if someone is in a hurry, we prefer that he change direction compared to us. We do not like exhibitors, a category that should not exist, but this does not mean that we will give birth to ugly dogs, useless or contrary to the "sense of race". Simply for us they are all beautiful because our children are desired, but we will not charge more for those capable of indulging the taste of some judge. Our work is the same whether we do our utmost for the puppy that fortunately is born more beautiful, or for the one that is born appreciable to the tastes of fewer people. We don't sell luxury cars, we don't sell lives, and we will never go out of our way to satisfy anyone's aesthetic taste. The costs will vary a little from one litter to another at times, depending on the difficulties encountered or the expenses incurred to get to those data puppies, but they will never be astronomical or miserable. We ask to sign a contract to all those who will take one of our puppies, where they will undertake if they have to reproduce it, to take the same responsibilities as ours towards the new families and the health of the species and the breed, but we will also be generous with advice for those who wanted this joy. We who nurture are the first to understand the joy of birth, care, of being mothers and fathers, how could we not help those who want to do the same? But as with all things, everything must be done well, if it can be done, and without haste ... We will forever be friends and a second family for all those who love animals like us .. We don't run a shop, so you can't show up at the gate as if we are always open or have a collection of butterflies to show you. We have many commitments with our cats, a lot of care to give them and therefore we must first of all perform these, and then by appointment, also show the fruit of our work. I know, many times it is said in the environment that the ideal to understand how they work in pensions and farms is better to fall upon them suddenly, and it would also be true, as it would be for each category to be able to control phone calls, conversations, private life … .But it is illegal as well as impractical. Certainly those who have many difficulties in meeting people, do not give a good image of themselves. We always try to be as available as possible, but we also need to plan our lives, so if it comes to your mind to improvise, know that we would certainly be forced to send you back home, from wherever you have arrived. Announcing a visit in time is also a matter of good manners. We will not jump to the throat of those who tell us that they want to give a cat to their child, on the contrary, we are pleased that children are educated in love for animals, but as a parent, it is he who we will ask to take responsibility for the cat, and we would also like to know the life expectancy of the cat. They are not toys but living beings! We do not sell cats to give to third parties without knowing them, and we do sign a contract in which they declare to take the cat "for themselves" and not for sale or transfer of material to third parties. We ask for the right of first refusal in case a person no longer wants our cat to avoid that dishonest ones we don't want to give cats to, send them complacent friends in their place. We sell cats only to those who plan to keep them for life, not to those who think of taking them on trial as objects and then getting rid of them if they don't go well. ..... TEXT READAPPED BUT COMPLETELY COPIED BY http: //lapradellina.it/alcune-precisazioni/prenotare-un-cucciolo/ I feel totally in tune with what these dog breeders have written and I don't find any difference in breeding cats. If all this were not enough to understand the breeder's profession ... here is an attempt to quantify the above: https: //www.facebook.com/notes/gatti-norvegesi- of-forest-farming-idisir-nornir / receipt-how much-does-it-cost-to-a-breeder-norwegian-forest- / 483172488392725

Come proteggere il gatto da cadute accidantali da balconi, terrazzi. Come costruire una recinzione a prova di gatto, catrun, recinzioni per gatti, foto chiusura How to protect our cats from accidental or voluntary falls _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb58f-136bad5cof windows and balconies Original text, written by Karin Pedrona, the use of all or part of the text is prohibited. I would like you to read these lines carefully and not underestimate. More and more often it happens that purebred cats, especially curious breeds such as the Norwegian, die from stupid domestic accidents, which would have easily could have been avoided. bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ The windows and balconies are a great joy and a source of well-being for our puppies but, at the same time, they are a source of great danger. Above all, purebred puppies are not born from mothers used to getting by, jump from trees, climb, have the perception of emptiness and measures, run away due to a dog, and being exposed to dangers of various kinds. Fortunately and unfortunately the purebred puppies, are born from mothers who for generations have been protected loved and respected by human beings, therefore these mothers are not able to_cc7 -5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ teach and above all SHOW, what which they can't do and don't do. As you know, mothers are the reference point for puppies and teach them, as human mothers do with their children, everything they need to approach life, with all the appropriate recommendations. (go slowly with that scooter! :-D) it's a pity that no one can teach cats that a fall from the window can be fatal . they will never grow up to be able to learn it, (among other things there are cats with great relapses, precisely because the desire to escape and curiosity is more_cc781905-5cde-3194 -bb3b-136bad5cf58d_strong of danger that they do not perceive due to inexperience) Not infrequently it has happened that a puppy or even adult Norwegian (which like all cats in the soul are great hunters), _ cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -136bad5cf58d_ a jump run is enough to catch a fly e so so unaware, _cc781905-5 bbcde-3194_bad fell into the empty window. Over the years, I have had friends in breeders and families who have adopted my cats, who have had very bad experiences ... I often find myself talking about Agra, my mother's cat, which despite being 1.30 meters high di windowsill on which he had great margin not to fall, he wanted to sit right inside a vase of an orchid, which logically with the weight of the cat unbalanced and the cat fell from the 1st floor together with the vase, fortunately breaking only the front legs, the upper lip and the teeth. ... If you don't even have the mitigating factor of being on the first floor ... when the cat or puppy falls, at best it dies .... yes , I said well, because in the second hypothesis ... he remains paralyzed and you will have to squeeze his bladder for life, because they are easily paralyzed. Speaking of the "vasistas", or also called "tilting" windows, we can speak of real death traps :-( When the animal tries to pass into the narrowest corner that forms at the base of the window gets stuck and no longer has the ability to lean on none of the legs, thus remaining in a suspended position that the crushes the nerves and lungs with his every move to wriggle out . A terrible death therefore that can be avoided for example by closing the basement windows with a wire mesh placed outside. In apartments where there are cats, the tilting position of the windows must be avoided. Advice: > You can contact experts in the sector, able to close balconies or windows even difficult problems, these experts in the sector move in various regions of Italy, for example: https://www.facebook.com/reteprotezionegatti.valentino.7?fref=ts > here you can buy here special tilt window grilles > You can buy DIY nets on retiprotezioni , or on Zooplus, . > some photographs included in the album are do-it-yourself, others are of works made by specialized companies, you will see the company logo in the photo itself Original text, written by Karin Pedrona, the whole or partial use of the test is forbidden, to use it write to: infogattinorvegesi@gmail.org Do it yourself solutions Solutions made by professionals leonardo valentino leonardo valentino 13533184_731024593666952_492131190915518 19059201_970665356369540_331344684581157 19145972_970665313036211_867601190900655 13592698_731024633666948_225693550076443 13438814_731024660333612_200265172010061 13592386_731024697000275_338616251574687 leonardo valentino 12743653_671951746240904_867418853715856 ekosistem ekosistem Schermata 2018-10-29 alle 16.44.36 Schermata 2018-10-29 alle 16.44.04 Animalando Ekosystem Italia Animalando Ekosystem Italia Animalando Ekosystem Italia 10291041_252643461606915_4686965870894083723_n.jpg fai da te 10334247_252643831606878_5593615182197474065_n.jpg 10334323_252643584940236_8961473994830189414_n.jpg Animalando Ekosystem Italia Animalando Ekosystem Italia Animalando Ekosystem Italia Animalando Ekosystem Italia Installation of Nets on balconies, what the law says How to secure a garden